Izindaba

I-switchboard, panelboard, kanyei-switchgearzingamadivaysi okuvikela okudlulele kwesekethe kagesi. Lesi sihloko sichaza umehluko oyinhloko phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo ezintathu zezingxenye zesistimu kagesi.

Iyini i-Panelboard?

Ibhodi lephaneli liyingxenye yesistimu yokuphakela ugesi ehlukanisa okuphakelayo kwamandla kagesi kube amasekhethi angaphansi kuyilapho ihlinzeka ngefuse evikelayo noma i-circuit breaker yesekethi ngayinye endaweni ebiyelwe efanayo. Iqukethe iphaneli eyodwa noma iqembu lamaphaneli abekwe odongeni. Umgomo webhodi lephaneli ukuhlukanisa amandla abe amasekhethi ahlukene. Zifana nama-switchboards, kodwa isakhiwo yisici esibenza bahluke.

Okwenza ama-panelboard ahluke ukuthi ahlala efakwe odongeni. Okuwukuphela kwendlela engenzeka yokufinyelela amabhodi wephaneli ingaphambili.Isilinganiso samabhodi wephaneli siphansi kakhulu kune-switchboard ne-switchgear, 1200 Amp max. Amabhodi ophaneli asetshenziselwa ama-voltage afinyelela ku-600 V. Ezingxenyeni ezintathu zesistimu kagesi, amabhodi ophaneli ashibhile futhi mancane kakhulu ngosayizi.

Izinhlelo zokusebenza zama-Panelboards

Amabhodi ophaneli avame ukutholakala endaweni yokuhlala noma endaweni yokuhweba encane lapho isidingo sikagesi singekho phezulu kakhulu. Izicelo ezijwayelekile zamaphaneli yilezi:

• Izindlu zokuhlala, izakhiwo zezentengiselwano, nezindawo zezimboni ezincane. Ezindlini nasemahhovisi, amabhodi ophaneli asabalalisa ugesi ezingxenyeni ezihlukene zesakhiwo kusukela kumthombo oyinhloko. Bangasabalalisa ugesi ezinhlelweni ze-HVAC, amasistimu okukhanyisa, noma izinto ezinkulu zikagesi.
• Izikhungo zokunakekelwa kwempilo. Ezikhungweni zezempilo, amabhodi ephaneli asetshenziselwa zonke izicelo ezichazwe ngenhla zezakhiwo zokuhlala nezohwebo, kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwamandla kwemishini yezokwelapha.

Ngokusekelwe kuhlelo lokusebenza, amabhodi ephaneli angahlukaniswa abe ama-subtypes ambalwa, okuhlanganisa amabhodi okukhanyisa namaphaneli okusabalalisa amandla. Iphaneli eyinhloko, iphaneli engaphansi, kanye nebhokisi le-fuse zonke izinhlobo zamabhodi ephaneli.

Izingxenye ze-Panelboard

• I-breaker eyinhloko
• I-circuit breaker
• Imigoqo yamabhasi

Yini aIbhodi lokushintsha?

I-switchboard iyisisetshenziswa esiqondisa ugesi ukusuka emthonjeni owodwa noma eminingi wokuphakela kuya ezindaweni ezimbalwa ezincane zokusetshenziswa. Kuwukuhlanganiswa kwephaneli eyodwa noma ngaphezulu, ngalinye eliqukethe amaswishi avumela ugesi ukuthi uqondiswe kabusha. Ngenxa yokuthi iwumhlangano, i-switchboard ingathuthukiswa kunoma iyiphi indawo yesevisi. Isici esibalulekile sama-switchboards ukuthi ngokuvamile ahlanganisa ukuvikelwa kwe-overcurrent kumasekhethi awo okunikezwayo futhi abekwe phansi. Izingxenye ze-switchboard zenzelwe ukuhambisa kabusha amandla.

Okuhlukanisa ama-switchboards kwamanye amasistimu kagesi achazwe ngezansi ukuthi i-switchboard imele ukuhlanganiswa kwezingxenye. Isilinganiso sikagesi sezinhlelo ze-switchboard singu-600 V noma ngaphansi. Ama-switchboards ayafinyeleleka ngesevisi kusukela ngaphambili nangemuva. Ama-switchboards anamathela ku-NEMA standard PB-2 kanye ne-UL standard -891. Ama-switchboard anamamitha abonisa inani lamandla adlula kuwo, kodwa awanazo izingxenye zokuphepha ezizenzakalelayo.

Izicelo zeAmabhodi okushintsha

Njengama-panelboards, ama-switchboards asetshenziswa kuzilungiselelo zezohwebo nezindawo zokuhlala, futhi, njenge-switchgear, asetshenziswa ezikhungweni zezimboni. Ama-switchboards asetshenziselwa ukuhambisa kabusha imishini yokusabalalisa amandla amakhulu.

Ama-switchboard abiza kakhulu kunama-panelboard kodwa ashibhile kune-switchgear. Umgomo wama-switchboards uwukusabalalisa amandla phakathi kwemithombo ehlukene. Izinhlobo zama-switchboards zifaka phakathi ama-switchboards enhloso ejwayelekile kanye nama-switchboards ane-fusible.

Izingxenye ze-switchboard

• Amaphaneli namafreyimu
• Imishini yokuvikela nokulawula
• Ukushintsha
• Imigoqo yamabhasi

Yini aI-switchgear?

I-Switchgear ihlanganisa amaswishi okunqamula ugesi, amafuse, noma ama-circuit breaker ukuze alawule, avikele, futhi ahlukanise okokusebenza kukagesi.

I-switchgear ihlukile ebhodini lokushintshela kanye namabhodi ephaneli ngoba iqukethe izingxenye ngazinye. Amadivayisi ayizingxenye ze-switchgear asetshenziselwa ukuvula nokuvala amandla.

I-switchgear isetshenziselwa ukukhipha amandla okokusebenza ukuze kuvumeleke ukwenziwa komsebenzi kanye nokususa amaphutha ezansi nomfula. Ngokuvamile isetshenziswa kuzilungiselelo lapho ukunikezwa kwamandla okukhudlwana kudinga ukuhlukaniswa phakathi kwezingcezu eziningi zezinto zokusebenza, okuyizinhlelo eziyisisekelo zokuhweba zama-voltage ahlukene (aphansi, aphakathi, naphezulu). I-Switchgear ifakwe izingxenye eziqinisekisa ukuphepha okuzenzakalelayo.

I-Switchgear ibiza kakhulu futhi ibanzi kakhulu uma iqhathaniswa namabhodi ophaneli namabhodi okushintsha. Isilinganiso sikagesi se-switchgear sifinyelela ku-38 kV, futhi isilinganiso samanje sifika ku-6,000A. I-Switchgear ilandela i-ANSI standard C37.20.1, UL standard 1558, kanye ne-NEMA standard SG-5.

Okokugcina, i-switchgear ingasetshenziswa kokubili ngaphandle nangaphakathi. Izinhlobo zama-switchgear zifaka i-low-voltage, medium-voltage, kanye ne-high-voltage.

Izicelo zeI-switchgear

I-switchgear isetshenziswa kakhulu ukulawula ukulayishwa kwamandla. Izicelo ezijwayelekile ze-switchgear zifaka:

• Imishini yokufaka amandla nokushintsha, ikakhulukazi imishini yokusabalalisa eyinhloko (ama-transformer, amajeneretha, amanethiwekhi kagesi, njll.).
• Ukukhonjwa kwephutha kumjikelezo kagesi kanye nokuphazamiseka okufika ngesikhathi ngaphambi kokugcwala kakhulu
• Ukulawulwa kwezinto zokusebenza ezitshalweni zikagesi kanye neziteshi zokuphehla amandla
• Ukulawulwa kwe-Transformer ezinhlelweni zokusabalalisa ezisetshenziswayo
• Ukuvikelwa kwezakhiwo ezinkulu zezentengiselwano nezikhungo zedatha

Izingxenye zeI-switchgear

• Ama-draw-out breakers: ukusebenzisa izinqamuli ezidonsayo ezine-switchgear kuvimbela ukuvala uhlelo lukagesi ukuze lulungiswe.
• Izingxenye zokushintsha amandla: ama-circuit breaker, ama-fuse, njll. Lezi zingxenye zihloselwe ukuphula amandla kusekethe.
• Izingxenye zokulawula amandla: amaphaneli okulawula, ama-transformer, ama-relay okuvikela. Lezi zingxenye zenzelwe ukulawula amandla.